基于“三权分置”的“城市反哺农村”发展模式

Development Pattern of “City Nurturing Country” on the Basis of “Three Rights Division”

我国农村土地制度从"两权分离"到"三权分置"的改革放活了土地经营权,对破解"三农"问题以及优化农业产业结构是一个重大突破。"三权分置"改革的实质是解决农村土地资源扭曲配置问题,它为"城市反哺农村"发展模式的实施提供了可能。通过政府引导和支持城镇投资者到农村创办富有特色的新型农业企业来带动农村经济的发展,同时实现城镇投资者资本的自身增值,是"城市反哺农村"发展模式的核心,这种发展模式对于解决农业产业结构不合理、经营方式落后、土地经营权流转不合理等问题意义重大。由于它是一个创新性、长久性、系统性的工程,基于我国地域辽阔,农业人口众多,区域间资源禀赋差异较大等现实情况,因此,该发展模式的实施要做到因地制宜、因时制宜,先试点、后推广,扎扎实实、稳步推进,逐步形成具有我国特色社会主义新农村建设的基本路径。

China＇s rural land system reform from the ＂two rights separation＂ to ＂three rights division＂ has made management rights transfer more flexible, which is an important breakthrough for resolving ＂the three rural issues＂ and optimizing agricultural structure. The essence of the ＂three rights division＂ reform is to address the issue of rural land resource allocation distortion, which makes it possible for implementing the ＂city supporting country＂pattern. The core of this pattern is to support urban investors to create new agricultural enterprises in rural areas under government guidance so as to promote economic development in rural areas, and realize the appreciation of their own capital. This pattern is of great significance to resolve problems such as unreasonable agricultural structure, backward management style, and unreasonable of land rights transfer. As this pattern is an innovative,long-term and systematic project and China is a country with wide territory, big agricultural population, and large regional imbalance in resources, we need to adapt it to local situation and promote it on proper occasions. It is necessary to run some pilot programs before its wide application so as to steadily advance this reform and gradually carve out a fundamental path for the construction of socialist new countryside with Chinese characteristics.