参与式预算技术环节的有效性分析——基于中国地方参与式预算的跨案例比较

Efficiency of Procedure in Participatory Budgeting( PB) :An Inter-Case Study of Local Budget Innovations in China

公共预算的合法性问题取决于预算决策中的参与技术环节所形成的预算正当性的社会认同,它与后续的预算执行的有效性构成了两个核心支撑点。文章从参与式预算的具体技术环节入手,通过比较上海市浦兴路街道的"自治金协商民意测验分配"与云南省盐津县的"群众参与预算"等案例样本,分析了预算参与代表的选取方法,参与决策过程中的协商技术,以及预算的表决方式的差异。通过比较发现,中国预算改革并不在于预算总量的增加幅度,而是预算的分配如何通过民主参与的技术供给和科学的程序设计,使得民众有机会参与到预算决策当中,从而增强预算的正当性,同时,中国参与式预算中民众参与的一个意义在于"民意可能激活代议制审查功能"。

The legitimacy of public budget depends on the social recognition of justification by the participatory processes in budget decision - making which constitutes two core supports for the effectiveness of following budget enforcement. This paper analyzes the selection method of participants in the budget and negotiation tech- niques in the decision - making process of and differences in budget＇s decision by comparing the technical as- pects of the PB of the Puxing Road Autonomous Fund Deliberative Polling in Shanghai and the distribution of the Yanjin County Public Participating Budget in Yunnan Province. By comparison, the focus of China＇s budget reform is the budget allocation by the democratic participation processes with the technology supply and scientif- ic programming instead of the increase of budget, so that the citizens have the opportunity to participate in budg- et decision - making to enhance the legitimacy of the budget while Chinas public participation in PBs may reac- tivate the Congress＇ power of budget review.