学术视域中的国家科研资助——以人文社会科学资助为主的考察

Government Research Funding and the Right of Academic Activities

国家科研资助是授益性的行政行为,与一般的行政资助相比,它具有更加鲜明的竞争性、专业性、引导性、责任性等诸多特点。国家实施科研资助具有实现公共利益和保障公民学术活动利益的双重目标,在繁荣哲学社会科学的语境下,积极保障公民学术活动利益有利于学术繁荣。我国现行科研资助体系在形式和内容上正日益完备,但从激励学术创新创造活力、调动学术研究积极性及实现学术受益权能上分析,现行国家科研资助体系资助管理在法定性、平等性、专业性、公正性、自主性等方面仍存在亟需进一步改进和完善之处。

As to the Constitutions of many countries in the world,the freedom of academic research is a fundamental right of citizens. The right of academic freedom is not only a negative right,but also a positive one. As a positive right,freedom of academic research need the guarantee of material and legal system,and it＇s the duty of government to supply research funding. In the process of modern-state growth,the state and the citizen,the power and the right go forward together,but the right must be the basic value. Accordingly,the purpose of the distribution of public resources is to guarantee the rights of academic research,and the process must be fair and equitable. At present,the government research funding of China is growing rapidly,however,there is still a long way to ensure the objectivity and impartiality of the distribution.