苯丙乳液基膨胀型阻燃涂料的配方研究

Study on formula of styrene acrylic emulsion intumescent flame retardant coating

为了解苯丙乳液基膨胀型阻燃涂料组分间的关系使其发挥最大作用,用热重分析法探究涂料的阻燃过程;通过受热炭层膨胀高度测试,结合组合法确定各组分的作用,并对基础配方进行优化。结果表明:涂料在受热时,磷酸氢二铵和季戊四醇在110~238℃通过脱氨和水,生成偏磷酸铵与季戊四醇及磷酸与季戊四醇的交联物,并形成炭层;在250~380℃,三聚氰胺分解出气体,使炭层发泡,形成多孔泡沫炭层,达到阻燃的目的;配方中季戊四醇(成炭剂)和磷酸氢二铵(催化剂)构成炭源,三聚氰胺是气源,苯丙乳液是黏结剂;优化后的配方即苯丙乳液:磷酸氢二铵:季戊四醇:三聚氰胺质量比为2.82∶11.04∶6.00∶3.06。

In order to investigate the relationships between components of the styrene-acrylic emulsions based intumescing flame retardant coating and make best use of flame retardant coating,thermo gravimetric analyses were made for a basic formula of coating.The role of each component was determined by measuring the heating carbon layer inflation height.Finally,the basic formula was optimized.The results show that the diammonium phosphate and pentaerythritol are removed by ammonia and water at 110-238 ℃,that ammonium metaphosphate and phosphoric acid cross-link with pentaerythritol and form a carbon layer,that at 250-380 ℃,gas is produced by decomposition of melamine,and then it causes the carbon layer to foam and form a porous foaming carbon layer,which is a good flame retardant coating,that in this formula,pentaerythritol（ carbonizing agent） and diammonium phosphate（ catalyst） act as carbon sources,melamine as a gas source,and styrene acrylic emulsion as a binder,and that the continued ratio of styrene acrylic emulsion to diammonium phosphate to pentaerythritol to melamine in the optimized formula is 2.82： 11.04： 6.00： 3.06.