大城市铁路主要客站接驳效用计算模型及分析方法

Methods of Access Utility Calculation and Analysis of the Main Railway Station in Metropolis

大城市居民铁路出行的接驳效用对居民出行总成本及铁路客流分担率均有重要影响.针对以往城际出行研究中城市内分区的考虑不足,提出城市内市级、区级、街道级和街区级4种层级的分区规则.根据不同层级提出相应的路网构建及所需变量,构建效用计算模型并分析其内涵差异,通过接驳时间、总成本的偏差值来分析分区层级对效用计算的影响.结果表明,街道级别为合理的分区层级,以道路网为简化的公交网可以满足精度要求,同时可减少大量的工作量.案例验证了方法的可实施性和有效性.

According to insufficient account of the proposed zoning rules in the city in previous researches of inter-city trips, this paper proposed the corresponding access traffic network and the required variables of the city, district, town or subdistrict and block zone levels of the city. Furthermore, it provided the model of access utility and analyzed its difference of constitution with different zone levels. In addition, it put forward a method to analyze the difference among the zone levels by calculating the deviation of the access time and the total access cost in different zone level. It is concluded that the town or subdistrict zone is the reasonable zoning rule. Using the road network as the simplified bus network can meet the accuracy requirement, and reduce a lot of work. At last, through the case analysis, it verified the effectiveness of the method, and provided the basis for the prediction of share ratios of inter-city trip.