渤海沉积物重金属含量时间演化特征及影响因素研究

The Temporal Distribution Characters of Heavy Metal Contents and Its Influence Factors on Sediments in Bohai Sea

近海沉积物重金属污染可导致一系列环境灾难,沉积物重金属污染问题也逐步成为海洋环境研究的热点之一。本文利用国家海洋局北海分局1978—2009年渤海污染监测数据,对铅(Pb)、铬(Cr)、铜(Cu)、砷(As)、镉(Cd)、汞(Hg)等重金属的时间演化特征进行了分析。并进一步分析了入海河流重金属排放年均浓度、环渤海经济发展水平对渤海沉积物重金属含量的影响与控制作用。结果表明:渤海沉积物各种重金属含量随时间的变化趋势基本一致,大致分为四个阶段。入海河流的重金属排放量是沉积物中重金属积累的重要来源,并且其在沉积物中的积累有一定的时间迟滞。GDP在经济快速发展初期与特定重金属排放量之间呈现一定的正相关关系。

The offshore sediments of heavy metal pollution can lead to a series of environmental disaster,the sediments of heavy metal pollution has gradually become one of the hot topics in the study of the Marine environment.This paper uses sea pollution monitoring data in 1978—1978 from the state oceanic administration to study the temporal distribution of sediment characteristics of the chromium（Cr）,copper（Cu）,arsenic（As）,cadmium（Cd）,mercury（Hg）of the Bohai sea and their influencing factors such as the coast of the river discharge status,the GDP of the offshore of the Bohai sea.The results showed that the different kinds of heavy metal in the sediments of the Bohai sea trend similar with time.Bohai sea surface sediment heavy metal Hg,Cu,Cd and As content changes with time can be divided into four stages in1978—2009 and its accumulation in the sediments have certain time lag.And at the beginning of the rapid economic development,the GDP has certain positive correlation with specific emissions of heavy metals.