黄河三角洲土壤盐分时空变异特征研究

Study on Spatio-Temporal Variability of Saline Soil Salinity in the Yellow River Delta

环渤海低平原区是中国渤海粮仓的主要构建地,该区域的海拔低,潜水位高,地下水矿化度大导致了土地含盐量高,变幅大。本文运用GIS和地统计学的方法对黄河三角洲土壤含盐量的时空变异特征进行了研究,绘制了土壤含盐量的空间分布图。结果表明:黄河三角洲盐渍土类型以氯化物型盐渍土为主,自2002—2011年盐渍化程度加剧,目前仍处于积盐状态;季节变化表现为土壤盐分秋季高于春季,且由于秋季耕作翻土,土壤盐分的变异程度较大;土壤盐渍化在层位变化则表现为表聚。Kriging插值结果表明该区域的盐分空间分布由河成高地向两侧洼地盐分逐渐增加。本研究的研究结果对于滨海水土资源的开发利用具有重要的指导作用。

As the granary of the bohai sea,the costal low plain around Bohai is of low altitude,high groundwater level,groundwater salinity,which lead to the soil salinization and the soil salinity varied much.The GIS and statistical method were adopted to analyze the temporal and space variation characteristics of soil salinity in the Yellow River delta,the distribution space of soil salt content is also mapped.The results showed that the soil type of Yellow River delta is mainly chlorine saline soil type,the salinization degree is increasing from 2002 to 2011 and is still in salt deposition stage at present,and seasonal variation is that the soil salinity is higher in autumn than in spring,as well as the soil salinity variation is larger in autumn due to the tillage.Soil salinization in horizon change is that salt accumulation in top soil.The spatial distribution maps of soil salinity interpolated by Kriging method indicated that the salt distribution has close relationship with terrain,from the flood heights to the slopes,and other large-scale depression,the direction of the salt content gradually increase.The results is important guiding role for the development and utilization of the coastal water and soil resources.