基于粉煤灰阻燃热塑性聚氨酯弹性体的研究

Flame Retardant Thermoplastic Polyurethane Elastomer Based on Fly Ash

以粉煤灰为阻燃剂,通过混炼的方法制备阻燃热塑性聚氨酯弹性体复合材料,采用锥形量热仪和烟密度测试仪对复合材料的燃烧特性和生烟特性进行研究。锥形量热仪实验结果表明,粉煤灰能够使热塑性聚氨酯弹性体(TPU)复合材料的热释放速率、总热释放、炭渣质量、烟因子等参数均有显著降低。其中,含0.250%(质量分数,下同)粉煤灰TPU复合材料的炭渣质量分数为18.9%,比纯TPU的炭渣质量分数(7.1%)增加了接近1.67倍。此外,含2.000%粉煤灰的TPU复合材料,热释放速率峰值为572.9kW·m^(-2),比纯TPU的热释放速率峰值(1 137.7kW·m^(-2))降低了50%。烟密度试验结果表明,粉煤灰能够使TPU复合材料光通量、比光密度等参数降低。含0.250%粉煤灰TPU复合材料的光通量为13.0%,比纯TPU(2.36%)增加了4.5倍。

A series of flame retardant thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer composites were prepared using fly ash as a flame retardant using a method of mixing in this paper.And then the combustion behaviors and smoke properties were explored by using cone calorimeter and smoke density test.The CCT results showed that the HRR were significantly decreased with the increase of fly ash in the composite materials and similarly to THR,SPR,and SF.When 0.250%（mass concentration,the same below）of fly ash was added to TPU,the char residue mass concentration of composite was 18.9%,which was increased by 1.67 times than that of the pure TPU（7.1%）.Besides,When 2.000% of fly ash was added to TPU,the PHRR of composite was 572.9 kW·m^（-2）,which was 50% lower than that of the pure TPU.The smoke density results showed that the smoke production was significantly decreased with theincrease of flay ash in the composite materials.When 0.250% of fly ash was added to TPU,the Luminous Flux was 13%,which was increased by 4.5 times than that of the pure TPU（2.36%）.