基于低风阻的电动汽车造型设计

Electric Car Design Based on Low Drag

分析了当代电动车造型整体格局,确定了目标车型的基本参数.基于最小阻力体气动研究,将低阻生物作为形态仿生对象,完成了低阻车体设计.通过与传统车的对比研究,确定了整车的造型风格.之后对车头、车轮等各部位依次作了造型与气动优化,完成了整车设计.整个过程采用了气动、散热、人机布局、仿生等多元素耦合的研究方法,最终得到了一款全新低阻电动汽车造型,制作了1:1模型.经风洞试验风阻系数C_D为0.193,明显优于0.238的预估目标值.

General situation of electric car design is analyzed and basic specifications are set. Based on the body of least drag, the paper starts with a low-drag bionic shape to get the main body design. With a comparative study of the electric car and traditional car design, the style of the new car is defined. Optimization for the essential parts of the car, such as the nose, wheels and so on are developed on both design and aerodynamics. During the process, the styling, aerodynamics and thermal control are studied with coupling method. Finally a totally new low-drag electric car design is developed, as well as a full-scale hard model. The final 1.. 1 wind tunnel test results in a CD of 0. 193, much better than the objective of CD 0. 238.