认知负荷与期望水平对非注意盲视的影响

The Effect of Perceptual Load and Expectation on Inattentional Blindness

为探究认知负荷和期望对非注意盲视的影响及二者可能存在的交互作用,实验者修改持续动态范式,采用2(期望:高/低)×3(认知负荷:高/中/低)混合设计进行实验。结果显示,高期望个体检测到意外刺激次数显著高于低期望个体;不同认知负荷对意外刺激检测无显著差异;中、低负荷下,高、低期望对意外刺激检测存在显著差异,高负荷下期望对意外刺激检测无显著影响。这表明期望确实影响非注意盲视,并在特定负荷条件下作用更大。

In order to figure out the effect of perceptual load and expectation on inattentional blindness and the interaction, we modified the sustained and dynamic paradigm. The experiment was a 2 （high and low ex- pectation） × 3 （high, moderate, and low perceptu- al load）mixed design. The result showed that the number of ignored object reported in the high expec- tation condition was significantly larger than that in the low expectation condition. Levels of perceptual load did not result in significant difference in detection. The number of ignored object reported under different levels of expectation was significantly differ- ent under the moderate and low perceptual load con- ditions, while under the high perceptual load condition, the effect was not detected. The result sugges- ted that expectation did affect the detection of ig- nored object and its effect differentiated among levels of perceptual load.