新型磷杂菲基反应型阻燃剂的合成及其在聚氨酯阻燃中的应用

Synthesis of A Novel Type Reactive Flame Retardant with Phosphaphenanthrene Group and Its Application in Polyurethane

以9,10-二氢-9-氧杂-10-磷杂菲-10-氧化物和1,4-丁二醇二缩水甘油醚为原料,合成了一种新型的反应型阻燃剂1-(2-羟基-3-磷杂菲)丙氧基-4-环氧丙氧基丁烷(1),其结构和性能经1H NMR,31P NMR,FT-IR和TG表征。以1为封端剂,聚氨酯(PU)为基材,制备了1/PU阻燃复合材料(2),研究了1对2阻燃性能和力学性能的影响,初步探讨了1的阻燃机理。结果表明:1具有气相和凝聚相阻燃作用,2燃烧后可形成致密光滑炭层,使点燃时间延长,改善了燃烧熔滴现象。1含量为1%时,21的LOI为27%,UL-94燃烧等级为V-0级。

A novel reactive flame retardant, 1-（ 2-hydroxy-3-phosphaphenanthrene ） propoxy-4-ep- oxypropoxybutane（1）, was synthesized by the reaction of 9, 10-dihydro-9-oxa-10-phosphaphenan- threne-10-oxide and 1,4-butanediol diglycidyl ether. The structure and property were characterized by 1H NMR, 31p NMR, FT-IR and TG. The flame retarded material, 1/PU（2） , was prepared using 1 as capping agent and polyurethane （PU） as base material. The effects of 1 on the flame retardancy and mechanical properties of 2 were investigated. And the flame retardant mechanism of 1 was discussed. The results showed that due to the gas phase and cohesive phase flame retardant effects of 1, 2 formed into a smooth and compact char layer after combustion, which prolongs the ignition time and reduces the melt dropping phenomenon. The LOI value of 21 （dosage of 1 was 1% ） was up to 27% and UL-94 level was V-O.