廊坊市中小学生学校突发公共卫生事件防控知识和健康行为调查

The prevention and control knowledge about public health emergencies and health behavior survey in primary and secondary schools of Langfang city

目的了解廊坊市中小学生学校突发公共卫生事件防控知识知晓率和健康行为习惯,为指导学校开展突发公共卫生事件防控工作提供参考依据。方法采取多阶段分层随机抽样的原则,选取廊坊市18所中小学,小学抽取4~6年级共960名学生为调查对象,初中三个年级共1 078名和高中三个年级1 356名学生为调查对象,开展学校突发公共卫生事件的防控相关知识和学生健康行为习惯的调查。结果学生对学校突发公共卫生事件防控相关知识的知晓率为75.7%,健康行为习惯正确率为64.7%,对学校突发公共卫生事件防控相关知识的知晓率和健康行为习惯正确率均较低,男生和女生之间在水痘、流感、肺结核知识、不喝生水等多个调查项上差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);小学、初中、高中之间除了狂犬病打疫苗、患传染病是否坚持上学、饭前便后洗手、生食瓜果前清洗外,其余的调查项上差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。81.2%的同学都是通过网络或者媒体被动了解传染病相关知识、13.6%的同学通过报纸、杂志、相关书籍获取知识、5.2%的同学通过学校宣传教育获取传染病防控知识。结论廊坊市中小学生学校突发公共卫生事件防控知识知晓和健康行为习惯形成情况不容乐观,学校应加强这两方面的培训,减少学校突发公共卫生事件的发生。

Objective To understand the awareness rate of public health emergency prevention and control knowledge andhealth behavior in primary and secondary schools,students of Langfang city,and provide reference for guiding the schoolto carry out prevention and control of public health emergencies. Methods 18 primary and secondary schools of Langfangcity were selected by stratified random sampling method. For primary school,students were selected from the 4 to 6 grades;a total of 960 students were selected for this survey. 1 078 students from third grades of junior school and 1 356 studentsfrom third grades of high school were selected for the survey. The public health emergencies related knowledge and thehealth behavior of student were investigated. Results The public health emergencies in school and the related to theprevention and control knowledge rate of the students was 75.7%;the rate of correct healthy habits was 64.7%. The schoolpublic health emergencies prevention related knowledge awareness rate and health habits correct rate was not ideal. Therewere significant differences in many investigated items among the boys and girls,elementary,middle and high schoolstudents（P〈0.05）. 81.2% of students acquire the knowledge of how to prevent and control infectious diseases through thenetwork or media,13.6% through the newspapers or magazines,5.2% through the health education in the school.Conclusion The situation of the school public health emergencies knowledge about prevention and health habits of theprimary and secondary schools students of Langfang city was not optimistic. Schools should strengthen the training of thesetwo areas to reduce the incidence of the school of public health emergencies.