2015年北京市门头沟区肠道门诊腹泻病例分析

Analysis of diarrhea cases in diarrhea outpatient clinics in Mentougou district of Beijing in 2015

目的了解2015年北京市门头沟区肠道门诊腹泻病例发病特征,为腹泻疾病的预防控制提供科学依据。方法采用描述流行病学方法,选取2015年门头沟区肠道门诊的腹泻病例资料进行统计分析。结果腹泻疾病谱中胃肠功能紊乱比例最高,占48.44%;其次为腹泻待查,占30.59%;再次为其他感染性腹泻病,占9.57%。发病率居前3位地区依次为大峪办事处、永定镇和龙泉镇;病例主要集中在20~29、0~9和30~39、50~59岁组;职业以家务及待业、离退人员、散居儿童发病为主,流行高峰集中在5-8月。可疑危险食品是熟食冷荤、凉拌菜、水果蔬菜。可疑进食地点是家里、小餐馆、流动摊贩和路边摊位。病原学检测细菌检出率为9.58%,其中肠致泻性大肠杆菌占43.75%、沙门菌占31.25%、副溶血性弧菌占25.00%。病毒检出率为26.45%,其中轮状病毒占12.50%;诺如病毒占87.50%。结论每年5-8月份,该区应加强高发地区家务及待业、离退人员、散居儿童的腹泻疾病防控工作,并采取综合预防控制措施。

Objective To study the epidemiological character of diarrhea cases in diarrhea outpatient clinics in Mentougou district of Beijing in 2015,and provide scientific evidence for the control and prevention of disease of diarrhea.Methods Descriptive epidemiology was used to analyze the data of diarrhea cases in diarrhea outpatient clinics. Results Among the disease spectrum of diarrhea cases,the constituent ratio of the most was gastrointestinal dysfunction,48.44%,the second was diarrhea of unknown,30.59%,the third was other infectious diarrhea,9.57%. The top three areas of the reported incidence were as following：Dayu office,Yongding town and Longquan town. The cases were concentrated on 20-29,0-9 and 30-39,50-59 age group. The dominating occupations were housework and job-waiting,retiree,dispersive inhabitancy children. High prevalent months were concentrated on June to August. The suspicious risk foods were cooked food and cold buffet,cold vegetable dish in sauce,fruits and vegetables. The suspicious eating place were home,little restaurant,mobile vendors and roadside stall. The detection rate of bacteria was 9.58%,of which Escherichia coli was 43.75%,Salmonella was 31.25%,and Vibrio parahaemolyticus was 25.00%. The detection rate of virus was 26.45%,of which rotavirus was 12.50% and norovirus was 87.50%. Conclusion The work of prevention and control of disease of diarrhea should be strengthened for those housework and job-waiting,retiree,dispersive inhabitancy children of high prevalent areas in this district every year from June to August,and comprehensive measures of prevention and control should be implemented.