家庭护理指导模式在高危产妇孕期保健中的作用分析

Effect of family nursing guidance model on high-risk maternal pregnancy

目的探讨家庭护理指导模式在高危产妇孕期保健中的应用效果。方法选取2015年3月至2016年5月本社区孕检门诊确诊高危产妇90例为研究对象，采用随机信封分组法将患者随机分为干预组和对照组，分别采用家庭护理指导和门诊随访，比较两组患者健康知识掌握度、妊娠期不良心理及妊娠结局。结果干预组患者健康知识掌握度显著高于对照组（88．89％比62．22％，P〈0．05）。护理前两组患者HAMA、SDS评分比较差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）；护理干预后干预组患者HAMA、SDS评分均低于对照组[（13．5±2．9）比（17．6±3．4），（13．8±2．5）比（18．3±3．9），P〈0．05]。干预组患者早产、羊水粪染、胎儿宫内窘迫发生率均显著低于对照组（4．44％比22．22％、2．22％比20．00％、6．67％比26．67％，P〈0．05）。结论家庭护理指导模式在高危产妇孕期保健中实施可提高患者健康知识掌握度，减轻不良情绪，降低不良妊娠结局发生率，具有较高临床应用价值。

Objective To explore the effect of home nursing guidance model in high-risk maternal health care during pregnancy. Methods 90 cases of high-risk puerperae diagnosed in outpatient of our hospital from March 2015 to May 2016 were selected in the study, and were randomly divided into intervention group and control group. The intervention group received home care guidance, while the control group received out-patient follow-up. The mastery degree of health knowledge, maternal adverse psychological reaction, and pregnancy outcomes of the two groups were compared. Results The mastery degree of health knowledge in the intervention group was significantly higher than that in the control group （88.89% vs.62.22%, P〈0.05）. There were no statistically significant differences in HAMA and SDS scores between the two groups before nursing （P〉0.05）; the scores of HAMA and SDS in the intervention group were lower than those in the control group after nursing [（13.5±2.9） vs.（17.6±3.4）, （13.8±2.5） vs.（18.3±3.9）, P〈0.05]. The incidences of preterm delivery, meconium- stained amniotic fluid, and fetal distress in the intervention group were significantly lower than those in the control group （4.44% vs.22.22%, 2.22% vs.20.00%, 6.67% vs.26.67%; P〈0.05）. Conclusion The implementation of home care guidance model in the high-risk maternal health care during pregnancy can improve the mastery degree of health knowledge, reduce the negative emotions, reduce the incidence of adverse pregnancy outcomes, which has a high clinical value.