我国乳品安全规制体系的构成与演变

The constitution and evolution of dairy safety regulatory system in China

改革开放以来,我国乳品行业发展迅速,随着生产规模的不断扩大,乳品质量安全问题频发,在2008年发生乳品污染事件后,我国加大了对乳品质量安全的管理力度,乳品安全规制体系逐步趋于完善,但仍然存在诸多弊端和缺陷。为更好地促进我国乳业健康发展,笔者运用规制经济学的相关理论,结合我国乳品安全规制的实践对我国乳品安全规制体系进行了全面分析。首先从规制目标、规制主体、规制客体和规制工具对我国乳品安全规制体系的构成进行了阐述;然后按照我国乳品安全规制体系的完善程度,将规制体系进行分阶段阐述,并总结了每个阶段的特点;最后从规制目标、规制主体、规制客体和规制工具等方面对乳品安全规制体系的改善提出相关建议。

Since China’s reform and opening up,Chinese dairy industry has developed rapidly. While with continuous expansion of production scale,quality and safety problems of dairy products become more and more frequent. However,after the dairy pollution incident in 2008,China intensified the efforts on the management of dairy quality and safety,and the dairy safety regulatory system has been improved gradually,but there are still many defects and shortcomings. To promote the development of dairy industry preferably,combining with the practice of Chinese dairy safety regulation,the dairy safety regulatory system in China was analyzed roundly using relevant theories of regulation economics. First of all,from the regulatory goal,regulatory subject,regulatory object and regulatory tools,the constitution of dairy safety regulatory system in China was described. Then,according to the development degree,the safety regulatory system was elaborated by phases and the characteristics of each stage were summarized as well. Finally,suggestions on the improvement of dairy regulatory system from the aspects of regulatory objectives,regulatory subjects,regulatory objects and regulatory tools were put forward.