穴盘规格和基质对花椰菜幼苗生长和生理指标的影响

Effects of Tray Caves and Substrates of Plug Seedling on Cauliflower Growth and Physiological Index

穴盘尺寸和基质种类显著影响蔬菜育苗质量,本研究选用每540 mm×280 mm面积内50孔、72孔、128孔的不同规格穴盘,3种不同类型基质进行花椰菜穴盘育苗,测定幼苗生长指标和生理指标,以筛选最适宜花椰菜育苗的穴盘规格和基质类型。结果表明:72孔花椰菜出苗率显著高于50孔和128孔。播种60 d后,72孔花椰菜幼苗株高、茎粗以及壮苗率显著大于50孔和128孔,可溶性糖含量显著高于128孔,但可溶性蛋白含量差异不显著;叶绿素a和叶绿素a+b含量显著低于50孔,略高于128孔;叶绿素b和胡萝卜素含量显著高于128孔,与50孔差异不显著。不同基质处理中,T1(V_(玉米秸秆)∶V_(牛粪)∶V_(草炭)∶V_(蛭石)∶V_(珍珠岩)=1∶2∶1∶1∶1)发芽率显著高于其他处理,播种60 d后,T1花椰菜幼苗株高、茎粗、壮苗率、叶绿素b、叶绿素a+b含量、可溶性糖和可溶性蛋白含量均显著高于其它处理。叶绿素a含量和胡萝卜素含量显著大于T2(盛禾牌瓜果蔬菜富养基质,有机质≥45%),所以规格为72孔的穴盘与T1基质配比结合效果育苗最佳。

Tray caves and substrates of plug seedling affect seedling quality of cauliflower.In order to select a suitable combination of tray cave and substrate for cauliflower nursery,3 types of seedling substrates named T1,T2,and T3,combined with 50 caves,72 caves and 128 caves each in a 540 mm × 280 mm seedling tray,were treated to test the index of seedling growth physiology.The results showed that the emergence rate of treatment with 72 caves was significantly higher than that of treatments with 50 caves and 128 caves,respectively.The plant height,stem diameter and seedling rate of treatment with 72 caves were significantly higher than that of treatments with 50 and 128 caves,respectively;the soluble sugar content was significantly higher than that of treatment with128 caves,while the content of soluble protein was not significantly different between treatments.The contents of chlorophyll a and chlorophyll a ＋b of treatments with 72 caves were significantly lower than that of treatment with 50 caves,but a little higher than that of treatment with128 caves,respectively;the contents of chlorophyll b and carotene of treatment with 72 caves were significantly higher than that of 128 caves,while no difference compared with 50 caves treatment.The germination rate of T1 substrate（V_（corn stalk）∶ V_（cattle manure）∶ V_（peat）∶V_（vermiculite）∶ V_（perlite）= 1∶ 2∶ 1∶ 1∶ 1） was significantly higher than any other treatments.After 60 days of seeding,the plant height,stem diameter,seedling rate,chlorophyll b,chlorophyll a ＋ b content,soluble sugar and soluble protein content of cauliflower seedlings with T1 substrate were significantly higher than any other treatments.The contents of chlorophyll a content and carotene with T1 substrate were significantly higher than that with T2 substrate（Cheng He eutrophic substrate for fruits and vegetables,organic matter 45%）.Therefore,the tray with 72 caves and T1 substrate was the best combination in this study.