酶处理豆粕替代鱼粉对断奶仔猪生长性能及肠道发育的影响

Effects of Replacing Fishmeal with Enzyme-treated Soybean Meal on Growth Performance and Intestinal Development in Weanling Piglets

本试验旨在研究酶处理豆粕(ESBM)替代不同比例鱼粉对断奶仔猪生长性能、肠道发育及后肠短链脂肪酸(SCFAs)产生的影响。选用21日龄杜×长×大断奶仔猪144头,分为4个处理,每个处理6个重复,每个重复6头猪。在4个处理组日粮中,分别用ESBM替代0(对照组)、33.3%、66.7%、100%的鱼粉。结果表明:ESBM替代不同比例鱼粉对断奶仔猪的养分表观消化率影响差异不显著(P>0.05);与对照组相比,33.3%、66.7%替代组断奶仔猪日采食量、日增重、空肠绒毛高度、隐窝深度无显著差异(P>0.05),但100%替代组断奶仔猪的日采食量及日增重显著降低(P<0.05),导致35日龄(-4.85%;)和42日龄(-6.62%)体重显著降低(P<0.05),空肠绒毛高度及隐窝深度显著下降(P<0.05);ESBM替代100%鱼粉显著降低断奶仔猪后肠食糜中乳酸杆菌数量(P<0.05),改变后肠微生物体外发酵回肠食靡产生SCFAs的能力及丙酸、丁酸比例。因此,ESBM可部分替代断奶仔猪日粮中鱼粉用量,全部替代鱼粉会引起肠道微生物的改变及SCFAs的产生,并影响断奶仔猪的生长性能。

The present study was conducted to investigate the effects of replacing fishmeal with enzyme-treated soybean meal （ESBM） on the growth performance, nutrient digestibility, intestinal development and production of short-chain fatty acid in weanling piglets. A total of 144 21-d-old LandracexYorkshirexDuroc weanling piglets were allocated into fourtreatment groups with 6 replicates of 6 piglets. Fish meal was replaced by ESBM at percentages of 0 （the control diet）, 33.3%, 66.7% and 100%, respectively, in 4 treatment groups. The apparent nutrient digestibility was not affected by replacing fishmeal with ESBM （P〉0.05）. Compared with control, replacing 33.3% or 66.7% did not affect the ADFI, ADG and intestinal development of piglets （P〈0.05）. But the ADFI, ADG, BW on d 35 and d 42, and the intestinal development were lower in piglets fed diet with replacing 100%（P〈0.05）. Moreover, the number of lactobacillus, the in vitro production of SCFAs and the composition of SCFAs were altered in piglets fed diets replacing 100% fishmeal with ESBM. Collectively, ESBM could partially replace the usage of fishmeal in weanling piglets, but total replacement of fishmeal with EBSM would negatively affect the growth performance of piglets possibly though the alternations of microbiota composition and SCFAs production.