规范化糖尿病自我管理教育的有效性分析

Efficacy of standardized diabetes self-management education program

目的探讨规范化糖尿病自我管理教育项目的有效性。方法选取2型糖尿病患者200例，按随机数字表法分为试验组和对照组各100例。试验组实施规范化自我管理教育，对照组采用传统门诊复查、糖尿病知识宣教以及不定期电话随访方法。评价干预前和干预6个月后2组患者的糖尿病自我管理能力及血糖血脂代谢情况。结果干预6个月后，试验组科学饮食、坚持运动、按时用药、自我监测、并发症预防和自我管理能力总分分别为（20.56 ± 1.23）、（15.57 ± 1.62）、（13.95 ± 1. 85）、（14.62 ± 6.81）、（31.65 ± 1.95）、（96.52 ± 1.28）分，对照组分别为（19.74 ± 1.36）、（13.67 ± 3.82）、（12.66 ± 1.03）、（12.26 ± 2.29）、（29.56 ± 1.76）、（90.36 ± 1.94）分，2组均较干预前提高，试验组提高优于对照组，差异有统计学意义（t=3.53~5.82，均P〈0.05）。试验组空腹血糖、餐后2 h血糖、糖化血红蛋白、三酰甘油、总胆固醇水平分别为（5.52 ± 1.32）mmol/L、（7.69 ± 3.62）mmol/L、（6.22 ± 4.21）%、（1.42 ± 1.28）mmol/L、（4.36 ± 1.27）mmol/L，对照组分别为（6.56 ± 1.23）mmol/L、（8.78 ± 5.42）mmol/L、（7.12 ± 4.29）%、（1.78 ± 1.49）mmol/L、（4.71 ± 2.14）mmol/L，2组均得到改善，试验组比对照组改善情况更佳，差异有统计学意义（t=4.93~6.78，均P〈0.05）。结论规范化糖尿病自我管理教育效果优于传统教育管理方法，值得临床推广应用。

To explore the efficacy of standardized diabetes self-management education program. Methods A total of 200 cases of diabetes patients were divided into experimental group and control group with 100 cases each by random digits table method. For experimental group, the patients received standardized diabetes self-management education, for control group, traditional management and occasional telephone follow-up, for 6 months. Blood glucose metabolism, lipid, diabetes self-management ability were evaluated. Results The score in diet control, exercise therapy, medication, self-blood glucose monitoring, complication prevention and self-management ability of experimental group were （20.56±1.23）, （15.57±1.62）, （13.95±1. 85）, （14.62±6.81）, （31.65±1.95）, （96.52±1.28） points, and the score of control group were （19.74±1.36）, （13.67±3.82）, （12.66±1.03）, （12.26±2.29）, （29.56±1.76）, （90.36±1.94） points. Compliance of two group was improved, and experimental group much better （t=3.53-5.82, all P〈0.05）. The fasting blood glucose, postprandial 2h blood glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin, triacylglycerol and total cholesterol of experimental group were （5.52±1.32） mmol/L, （7.69±3.62） mmol/L, （6.22±4.21）%, （1.42±1.28） mmol/Land （4.36±1.27） mmol/L, and those of control group were （6.56±1.23） mmol/L, （8.78±5.42） mmol/L, （7.12±4.29）%, （1.78±1.49） mmol/L and （4.71±2.14） mmol/L. Metabolism of two group was improved, and experimental group much better （t=4.93-6.78, all P〈0.05）. Conclusions Standardized diabetes self-management education is better than traditional management. It is worthy of clinical application.