0～24月龄天津滨海地区儿保门诊婴幼儿母乳喂养及护理服务需求问卷调查

The questionnaire survey about O-24 months infantile breastfeeding and service requirement of child care clinic in Tianjin Binhai district

目的调查0~24月龄天津滨海地区儿保门诊母乳喂养情况及护理服务需求。方法采用问卷调查方法对2017年6月1日至2016年6月1日350例儿保门诊患儿进行母乳喂养调查及了解护理服务的需求。结果所调查的350例婴幼儿都采用了母乳喂养，0~6月龄母乳喂养率84.4%（295/350），在调查人口中分为市区人口、周边农村人口、外来务工人口，以市区人口为主，占调查的64.0%（224/350），其中大学及以上学历占63.7%（223/350）；3个地区纯母乳喂养率分别占25.4%（57/224）、25.8%（16/62）、34.4%（22/64），普遍低于全国水平；在辅食添加上，4~5月龄占31.8%（21/66），6~9月龄占65.4%（34/52），10~12月龄占85.0%（51/60）；在断奶上，以母乳不足、母亲基础疾病、母亲上班喂养不规律和认为该断奶为最常见的4个基本原因。结论儿保门诊患儿对母乳喂养的理念和方法仍存在问题，仍需加强对母乳喂养的护理管理。

Objective To investigate 0-24 months infantile breastfeeding and service requirement of child care clinic in Tianjin Binhai district.MethodsA total of 350 cases from June 1,2014 to June 1, 2016 were adopted by questionnaire method about breastfeeding and service requirement.ResultsIn the survey, all of them were breastfeeding, and the 0-6 months breastfeeding rate was 84.4% （295/350）. They were divided into three groups： urban, rural and external population, the main of population was urban（64.0%, 224/350）. The breastfeeding rate was closely relate to the education of mother, graduate and above almost above 63.7%（223/350）; exclusive breastfeeding of three groups were 25.4%（57/224）, 25.8% （16/62）, 34.4%（22/64） in urban, rural and external population respectively. Generally lower the national level because of the food supplement,4-5 months was 31.8%（21/66）, 6-9 months was 65.4%（34/52）,10-12 months was 85.0% （51/60）. Insufficient breastmilk, mother was ill, working mother, think should be the four main reasons in the weaned process.Conclusions There are still some problems for the ideas and methods of breastfeeding in child care clinic, still need to strengthen the nursing management of breastfeeding.