残疾人就业政策的转型历程与创新路径——以诉求变迁为视角

The Transformation Process and Innovation Path of the Employment Policy for the Disabled:In the Perspective of Appealing for Change

残疾人就业政策是政府为改善残疾人在劳动就业领域的弱势地位而颁布实施的制度安排,其中蕴含着收入保障和社会融入两种核心价值诉求。在诉求变迁视角下,新中国成立以来的残疾人就业政策可以划分为"居养型""庇护型""明权型"和"赋能型"四个阶段,每个阶段的主要诉求各不相同。结合目前中国的现实发展状况,政府应坚持收入保障诉求和社会融入诉求并重,以法治精神完善残疾人就业需求,以治理思路优化完善残疾人就业供给政策,以实效理念促进残疾人就业政策落实,进而推动残疾人与健全人一道,平等且有尊严地行使劳动权利。

The employment policy for the disabled is the institutional arrangement promulgated by the government to improve the disadvantaged position of the disabled in the field of labor and employment. It contains two kinds of core value demands of income security and social integration. In the perspective of changing, the employment policy of disabled persons since the founding of new China can be divided into four stages： ＂nurturing＂, ＂asylum＂, ＂righting＂ and ＂empowering＂. Combined with the current situation of China＇s real development, the government should adhere to both the income protection demands and social integration demands, and the spirit of the rule of law is to improve the employment needs of the disabled, with governance ideas to optimize the employment policy of disabled people thereby promoting the exercise of equality and dignity of the right to work of labor for the disabled.