2009-2016年1842份保健食品微生物检测结果分析

Microbiological detection results of 1,842 samples of health food,2009-2016

目的对2009-2016年全国部分省份不同厂家生产的保健食品进行微生物检测和数据分析,为进一步强化保健食品的监督管理提供依据。方法对不同省份不同厂家生产的各类保健食品1 842份,参照国家保健食品微生物检验方法进行菌落总数、大肠菌群、致病菌、霉菌和酵母的检测,统计不同年份、不同剂型保健食品的合格率及其差异。结果2009-2016年共对1 842份保健食品进行了微生物指标检测,各年样品合格率分别为94.44%、95.29%、96.79%、96.72%、97.09%、97.69%、97.76%、98.36%,经卡方检验,各年合格率间差异无统计学意义(χ~2=7.05,P=0.42);根据保健食品的剂型来统计,膏状类样品的合格率最高,固体冲剂类合格率最低,胶囊、片剂、膏状、口服液、固体冲剂5种剂型的合格率分别为98.39%、99.69%、100%、99.30%、92.25%,其合格率差异有统计学意义(χ~2=30.50,P=0.00)。结论 2009-2016年受检的1 842份保健食品的微生物指标合格率呈上升趋势,但不同剂型的样品合格率存在差异,应加强对固体冲剂类保健品的监管。

Objective To analyze the microbiological detection results of health food collected from various manufactures in some provinces in China from 2009 to 2016, and to provide evidence for further strengthening health food supervision and manage- ment. Methods We detected the colony count, coliform, pathogens, fungi and yeast in 1,842 samples of health food from va- rious manufactures in different provinces according to the national standard for microbiological detection methods of health food, and then statistically analyzed the qualified rates and their differences among the detected samples with different manufacturing years and different formulations. Results We detected the microbiological indexes in a total of 1,842 samples of health food from 2009 to 2016, and the qualified rate in each year during the period was 94.44%, 95.29%, 96.79%, 96.72%, 97.09%, 97.69%, 97.76% and 98.36% respectively. Chi-squared test revealed that no statistically significant differences were found in the qualified rate among the years （X2= 7.05, P= 0.42 }. Statistical analysis regarding different formulations indicated that the qualified rate of herbal paste samples was the highest, while that of instant granule samples was the lowest. The qualified rates of capsules, tablets, herbal paste, oral solution and instant granules were 98.39%, 99.69%, 100%, 99.30% and 92.25% respectively, with statistical- ly significant differences （χ2= 30.50, P = 0.00 ）. Conclusions The qualified rates of the microbiological indexes in the 1,842 samples of health food detected in 2009-2016 show an upward tendency, but there are differences in the qualified rates of samples with different formulations. Supervision and management on instant granule should be strengthened.