云南省自然灾害风险防范对策

COUNTERMEASURES OF NATURAL DISASTER RISK PREVENTION IN YUNNAN PROVINCE

根据习近平总书记对防灾减灾工作的指示和视察云南时的三个指示精神,结合国家和云南省综合防灾减灾规划(2016-2020年),从云南省灾情特点即:地震频发,小震大灾;地质灾害点多面广;气象灾害增暖效应明显;森林火灾趋高;多灾种复合发生等现状出发,以风险管理4R模式为视角,找出云南防灾减灾主要存在的问题,即:防灾减灾多为应急模式;体制机制不够灵活;分部门分灾种与部门联动不够;防灾减灾高效社会治理机制尚待建立;科普宣传教育力度不够;社会防灾减灾意识与能力较弱等。针对这些问题,提出未来云南省自然灾害风险防范主要对策是加强风险管理,加强综合减灾,加强科技创新,推进社会购买服务等。

According to the instructions of the General Secretary Xi Jinping on the work of disaster prevention and mitigation and the three instructions for Yunnan in 2015, combined with the national and Yunnan Provincial comprehensive disaster prevention and mitigation plan （2016 -2020）, it forms the future hazard prevention and mitigation workframe. Natural disaster characteristics of Yunnan Province show as the following： earthquake occurs frequently with small scale and huge loss ; geohazards distributed widely; the risk of meteorological disaster is obvious; the forest fire is getting higher; the occurrence of multi -hazard and so on. Risk management 4R model is used to find out the main problems for Yunnan provincial disaster prevention and mitigation, including： disaster prevention and mitigation are mostly emergency mode, the institutional mechanism is not flexible; disaster and department linkage is not enough; disaster prevention and mitigation efficient social governance mechanism is yet to be established; science propaganda and education is not enough; social disaster prevention and awareness and ability is weak and so on. In view of these problems, the main countermeasures to prevent natural disaster risk prevention in Yunnan Province are to strengthen risk management, strengthen comprehensive disaster reduction, strengthen scientific and technological innovation and promote social purchase service.