1842年-1853年福州商埠发展的困境——近代福州茶市形成初期的挑战

On the Dilemma of Fuzhou Commercial Ports' Development from 1842 to 1853——the Challenges of the Fuzhou Tea Market's Formation Stage

中英《南京条约》签订后,福州被确定为五口商埠之一。英政府将福州视为进口武夷茶的最佳口岸,试图将其开辟成茶市。但在1844年至1853年九年间,福州开埠后的对外贸易几乎停滞。直到1853年才开始有大量茶叶从福州出口,此后数十年间茶叶出口占到福州出口货物的90%以上,遂成为举世瞩目的茶市。本文从清政府初期不肯将福州开辟成商埠、英政府坚持福州必须开辟为商埠和福州发展停滞的主要原因等三个问题入手研究讨论,力图比较全面客观地论述福州茶市形成初期面对的挑战。

After the signing of the nanjing treaty,fuzhou was identified as one of five commercial ports. The British government,which regards fuzhou as the best port to import wuyi tea,tried to turn it into a tea market. But in the nine years between 1844 and 1853,foreign trade in fuzhou was almost stagnant. It was not until in 1853 that a lot of tea began to be exported from Fuzhou. From then on,tea exports has been accounted for more than 90 % of the export goods. Tuzhou became a remarkable market. This papermainly discusses the three main aspects including The Qing government＇s reluctance to open Fuzhou as commericial port at the early stages,the British government＇s insistance of opening Fuzhou as commercial port and Fuzhou＇s development dilemma in expectation to elaboratecomprehensively and objectively the challenges of fuzhou market＇s formation stage.