俄罗斯联邦的土地关系

Land Relations of the Russian Federation

俄罗斯是典型的转型国家,其制度转型的标志之一是把苏联时期的土地单一国家所有制转变为包括私有制在内的多元所有制结构。本文以俄罗斯土地关系为研究对象,介绍了俄罗斯的土地资源,归纳和分析了作为国家土地关系基础的相关法律体系以及俄罗斯土地私有化进程和措施,解析了土地所有制结构,简要分析了俄罗斯的土地管理制度。在此基础上,笔者提出土地多元所有制结构是建立好的市场经济的基础,国家应保护和发展土地的社会属性以及国家所有制土地不能资本化的观点。

The single state ownership of land during the USSR period has been replaced by a multi-structure of land ownership including private ownership. Dedicated to Russia's land relations, this paper presents the country's land resource,analyzes the domestic law system as the foundation of state land relations, explicates Russia's land privatization process and the corresponding measures,explores the structure of the country's land ownership,and conducts a brief analysis of Russia's land administration regime. Hence this paper holds that a multi-structure of land ownership is the basis for the establishment of a favorable market economy,and that the state is responsible for the protection and development of social attributes of land. This paper is not of the opinion that state owned land should be privatized.