风沙区采煤塌陷不同裂缝宽度下土壤水分特性研究

Study on Soil Moisture Characteristics in Different Fissure Width of Mining Subsidence in Windy Desert Area

为揭示风沙区采煤塌陷不同裂缝宽度下土壤水分变化特征,以神府-东胜煤田石圪台煤矿塌陷区为研究对象,对研究区内不同裂缝宽度条件下(1、2、3、4、8 cm)的土壤含水量、田间持水量、最大吸湿量和土壤饱和导水率等土壤水分特性指标与无裂缝区进行对比分析。结果表明:无裂缝区土壤含水量、田间持水量和最大吸湿量均大于裂缝区;土壤饱和导水率小于裂缝区。在裂缝区,随土壤裂缝宽度的增加,土壤含水量、田间持水量和最大吸湿量逐渐减小,土壤饱和导水率逐渐增大。说明风沙区采煤塌陷裂缝在一定程度上破坏土壤原有结构,降低土壤持水,贮水能力,加快土地沙化,导致环境恶化,应引起当地政府部门重视。

In order to explore the soil moisture variation characteristics in different fissure width of mining subsudence in windy desert area, this paper had takenShigetaicoal mine of Shenfu - dongsheng coal field as the research object. This paper compared soil moisture content, field water capacity, maximum moisture absorptionand soil saturated hydraulic conductivity in different fissure width（ lcm, 2cm,3cm,4cm and 8cm） and non - fissure area. The result showed thatthe soil water content, field capacity and maximum moisture absorption in the non - fissure area werehigher than those in the fissure, but the saturated hydraulic conductivity of soil was lower than that in fissure. In fissurearea , with the increase of soil fissure width, soil water content, field water capacity and maximum moisture absorption decreased gradually, but soil saturated hydraulic conductivity increased gradually. To a certain extent, mining subsidence fissure could destroy the original structure of the soil, reduce the soil water - storage capacity , accelerate the land desertification and lead environmental degradation in windy desert area, which should be paid attention to the local environmental protection departments.