城市交通热点区域的空间交互网络分析

Spatial interaction network analysis of urban traffic hotspots

城市热点区域是人们频繁活动的体现,利用人们的出行可构建空间交互网络。目前的相关研究主要集中于对热点提取方法及其动态变化的研究,对交通热点的交互作用及其构成的空间交互网络的研究还很少。本文以武汉市的出租车轨迹为数据源,利用基于时空数据场的聚类方法提取城市交通热点区域;基于复杂网络理论与方法,分析城市交通热点区域之间的空间交互作用。通过研究发现:(1)节假日,热点区域之间的往返交互较多;工作日,热点区域之间的交互较少;(2)节假日,影响力较大的节点为车站、机场等;工作日,影响力较大的节点是社区和工作地;(3)社团探测发现,工作日跨越长江的交互较多,非工作日跨越长江的交互较少。上述研究结论可为交通管理部门针对节假日和工作日分别制定不同的交通管理政策和方法提供参考。

Urban traffic hotspots refer to the areas where residents visit frequently. Travels of urban residents generate interactions between urban areas, which form a spatial interactive network. Existing research mainly focuses on hotspot extraction and their dynamic change, but there are few studies that examine the interaction of traffic hotspots and the spatial interaction network. Based on the taxi trajectory data in Wuhan City, we detect the urban traffic hotspots by spatiotemporal data field clustering and further analyze the spatial interaction among urban hotspots based on the complex network theory. The results show that：（1） There is a large amount of interaction between the hotspots on holidays, and less interaction between the hotspots on weekdays;（2） The nodes with great influence are the bus and train stations, airports, and so on, on holidays, and the nodes with great influence are normally residential communities, workplace, and so on, on weekdays;（3） The results of community detection found that there is more interaction across the Yangtze River on weekdays, and little interaction across the Yangtze River on holidays. The study results can provide a reference for traffic management to develop different management strategies and methods for holidays and workdays. Investigating the interaction of human behaviors with urban environment, transportation, and geographical regions from the viewpoint of spatial interaction network is an innovative interdisciplinary research field crossing geographical information science, management science, and humanities and social sciences