陕西省燃煤型氟中毒十二五规划终期评估结果

Final evaluation results of the 12th Five-Year Plan for coal-burning fluorosis in Shaanxi Province

目的通过评价陕西省燃煤型氟中毒十二五规划完成情况,为制定该省燃煤型氟中毒十三五规划提供理论依据。方法依据国家和省级《地方病防治"十二五"规划终期考核评估方案》的要求,2015年在陕西省燃煤型氟中毒病区安康市选择汉滨区和汉中市选择镇巴县,每县(区)各随机选择2个镇每镇各随机选择2个村,共计2县4镇8个村做为调查对象,其中学生200人,家庭主妇80人。调查村8~12周岁所有在校儿童采用Deans法进行氟斑牙检查,随机抽取8~12周岁儿童50名采集尿样,按照WS/T 89-1996《尿中氟化物的测定离子选择电极法》检测尿氟含量,依据WS/T 256-2005《人群尿氟正常值》进行评价。结果制定了防氟炉具后期管理办法,建立了长效工作机制。陕西省燃煤型氟中毒病区学生及家庭主妇健康教育知晓率分别为98.17%和95.83%,防氟炉具完好率各村镇均达到100.00%。儿童氟斑牙检出率及尿氟几何均值分别为13.17%和(0.33±0.29)mg/L。结论陕西省燃煤型氟中毒病区全部落实了以改炉改灶为主的综合防治措施,燃煤型氟中毒流行趋势得到明显遏制,今后应继续加强健康教育和防氟炉具的后期管理工作,引导病区群众积极使用清洁能源。

[Objective] To evaluate the completion status of the 12 th Five-Year Plan for coal-burning fluorosis in Shaanxi Province, provide a theoretical basis for developing the 13 th Five-Year Plan for coal-burning fluorosis in this province.[Methods]According to the requirements of the Final assessment plan of the 12 th Five-Year Plan for endemic disease prevention and control in China and Shaanxi Province,Hanbin District from Ankang City and Zhenba County from Hangzhong City,where were the coal-burning fluorosis area in Shaanxi Province,were chosen as the survey objects,2 towns were randomly selected from each county/district respectively,while 2 villages were randomly selected from each town respectively,and totally 8 villages of 4 towns of 2 counties were investigated. All school children aged 8-12 years old in the investigated villages received the dental fluorosis test by the Deans method. 50 children aged 8-12 years old were randomly selected for urine sample collection. The urine fluoride content was detected according to the Determination of Fluoride in Urine-Ion Selective Electrode Method（WS/T 89-1996）,and the results were evaluated according to normal value of urinary fluoride（WS/T 256-2005）. [Results]The later management measures of fluorine proof stoves and long-term working mechanism have been established. The awareness rate of health knowledge among students and housewives in coal-burning fluorosis area in Shaanxi Province was 98.17% and 95.83%respectively,and the intact rates of fluorine proof stoves were 100.00% in all villages. The detection rate of dental fluorosis and urinary fluoride geometric mean was 13.17% and（0.33±0.29） mg/L respectively.[Conclusion]The integrated control measures of stove improvement have been fully implemented in coal-burning fluorosis area of Shaanxi Province,and epidemic situation of coal-burning fluorosis has been effectively controlled. In the future,it is necessary to continue to strengthen the health education and the late management of the fluorine proof stove,and guide masses to use clean energy actively.