2013—2015年梧州市职业机动车驾驶员健康情况

Health status of professional motor vehicle drivers in Wuzhou City from 2013-2015

目的了解职业机动车驾驶员的职业禁忌证及健康状况。方法选择2013—2015年梧州市疾病预防控制中心进行健康检查的在岗职业机动车驾驶员726名为职业组,另选非驾驶员502名作为对照组。根据GBZ 188-2014《职业健康监护技术规范》对两组人员进行血压、血液生化、心电图、听力及视力等检查。结果检出职业禁忌证95人次,有4人患有多种禁忌证,有禁忌证者89人,检出率为12.3%;职业组高血压的检出率为(10.3%)显著高于对照组的(6.8%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),心电图检查异常的情况中,职业组均显著高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);职业组的血常规中白细胞高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论梧州市在岗职业机动车驾驶员的职业禁忌证检出率较高,该职业可能会影响心血管和血液系统。

[Objective]To understand the occupational contraindication and health status of professional motor vehicle drivers.[Methods]From 2013 to 2015,726 professional motor vehicle drivers who have received the health in Wuzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention were selected as occupational group,while 502 non-drivers were enrolled in control group. Blood pressure,blood biochemistry,electrocardiogram,hearing and visual acuity were examined in the two groups according to the Technical Code of Occupational Health Surveillance（GBZ 188-2014）.[Results]Totally 95 cases（13.0%） of occupational contraindications were identified,and 4 people had multiple contraindications. There were 89 people with contraindication with the detection rate of 12.3%. The detection rate of hypertension in occupational group（10.3%） was higher than that in control group（6.8%）,and the difference was statistically significant（P〈0.05）. The abnormality of electrocardiogram in occupational group was higher than that in control group,and the difference was statistically significant（P 0.05）. In the blood routine test,the white blood count in occupational group was higher than that in control group,and the difference was statistically significant（P 0.01）.[Conclusion]The detection rate of occupational contraindication among professional motor vehicle drivers in Wuzhou City is high,which indicates that this occupation may affect the cardiovascular and blood system.