2014—2016年丹东市手足口病监测结果

Surveillance results of hand-foot-and-mouth disease in Dandong City from 2014-2016

目的了解丹东市手足口病(HFMD)的流行病学特征和病原学型别及变化规律,为科学制定预防和控制策略提供依据。方法对2014—2016年中国疾病监测信息报告管理系统统计的丹东市HFMD病例进行流行病学分析、对送检的咽拭子和粪便标本采用实时荧光RT-PCR法进行肠道病毒71型(EV71)、柯萨奇病毒A组16型(Cox A16)及其他肠道病毒的核酸检测。结果病原学检测结果显示,2014年检测标本202份,阳性标本49份,阳性率24.26%;病原优势株为CoxA16型,占55.10%。2015年检测标本359份,阳性标本182份,阳性率50.70%;病原优势株为其他肠道病毒,占84.62%。2016年检测标本439份,阳性标本201份,阳性率45.79%;病原优势株为CoxA16型,占72.14%。流行病学监测结果显示,2014年报告HFMD病例224例,发病率9.23/10万;2015年报告HFMD病例1 146例,发病率47.24/10万;2016年共报告HFMD病例956例,发病率39.20/10万。发病时间高峰在6—9月;儿童发病占20.64%。结论丹东市HFMD发病率呈逐年上升趋势,病原的流行株以CoxA16和其他肠道病毒为主,呈交替流行态势。因此,继续加强HFMD健康知识教育、宣传和病例及病原学监测工作对于HFMD的科学防控具有重要意义。

[Objective]To understand the epidemiological characteristics,pathogenic serotype and change pattern of hand-footand-mouth disease（HFMD） in Dandong City,and provide scientific basis for formulating the prevention and control measures.[Methods]The epidemiological analysis was performed to investigate the HFMD cases in Dandong City from 2014-2016,which were collected from National Disease Reporting Information System. The throat swabs and stool specimens were tested by real time RT-PCR to detect the nucleic acid of Enterovirus 71（EV71）,Coxsackie virus A 16（CoxA16）and other enterovirus.[Results]The etiology detection results showed that 49 samples were positive among 202 detected samples in 2014 with the positive rate of24.26%,and the dominant etiologic strain was CoxA16（55.10%）,182 cases were positive among the 359 detected samples in2015 with the positive rate of 50.70%,and the dominant etiologic strain was other enterovirus（84.62%）,201 cases were positive among the 139 detected samples in 2016 with the positive rate of 45.79%,and the dominant etiologic strain was CoxA16（72.14%）. The epidemiological monitoring results showed that 224 cases of HFMD were reported in 2014 with the mobidity of 9.23/lakh,1146 cases of HFMD were reported in 2015 with the mobidity of 47.24/lakh,and 956 cases of HFMD were reported in2016 with the mobidity of 39.20/lakh. The peak season appeared June to September,and child cases accounted for 20.64%.[Conclusion]The incidence of HFMD presents a rising trend year by year in Dandong City. The epidemic pathogenic strains are CoXA16 and other enterovirus,which are alternately dominant. Consequently,it is important to continue to strengthen the education health and publicity of HFMD knowledge and improve the etiological monitoring to carry out the scientific control of HFMD.