韩国医药卫生体制改革及启示

The Reform and Experience of South Korea's Health-Care System

韩国经历了20世纪六十年代至九十年代的经济高速增长期后,本世纪初的十年进入经济增长换挡期。在半个世纪左右的时期内,韩国人均国内生产总值由不足100美元跃升至2016年的2.7万美元,随着韩国国民经济的发展,医疗卫生体制也经历了一系列结构性改革。韩国医疗保险制度始建于1977年,1989年实现全民医疗保险,历经几十年的发展,从低水平、小范围到较高水平、多层次全方位覆盖,目前已建成相对完善的覆盖全民的国民健康保障体系。"他山之石,可以攻玉",韩国医疗卫生体系与改革的经验教训对完善我国医疗卫生体系有一定的启示和借鉴意义。

After a rapid development during 1960 s to 1990 s, South Korea＇s economy enters into a transition period in the first decade of 21 century. Within half a century, South Korea saw its per capita GDP soaring from less 100 US$ to 27000 US$. As its national economy developes, South Korea＇s heath care system also has undertaken a series of structural reforms. South Korea＇s ＂health care system＂, which launched in 1977 and developed into a nationwide coverage in 1989, the system has been improved generally in the following several decades. The system started from scratch, developed from low level to relatively higher level and expanded from small range to all-round coverage. The whole process has witnessed the government＇s persistent exploration and practice. As the saying goes, ＂Foreign experience may serve to benefit domestic matters＂, by introducing South Korea＇s experience and lessons in medical system reforms, the paper hopes China may get some enlightenment on how to improve its medical care system.