精神科护士创伤后应激障碍现状及影响因素分析

Status quo of posttraumatic stress disorder in psychiatric nurses and analysis of its influencing factors

[目的]调查精神科护士创伤后应激障碍水平并分析其影响因素。[方法]采取问卷调查法,选取西安市某医院35名精神科护士为调查对象。调查问卷包括基本情况调查表、社会支持评定量表、简易应对方式问卷、创伤应激障碍自评量表。[结果]精神科护士创伤应激障碍阳性率28.67%,创伤后应激障碍自评量表得分44.83分±12.55分;各维度得分从高到低依次为主观评定、反复重现体验、社会功能受损、警觉性增高、回避症状;创伤后应激障碍总分及反复重现体验、回避症状、警觉性增高和社会功能受损维度与消极应对呈正相关(r=0.630~0.852,P<0.05),与社会支持呈负相关(r=-0.635^-0.365,P<0.05)。[结论]精神科护士创伤应激障碍发生水平较高,消极应对得分越高创伤应激障碍发生率越高,社会支持水平越高创伤应激障碍发生率越低。

Objective：To investigate the level of posttraumatic stress disorder in psychiatric nurses in Xi’an and analyze its influencing factors.Methods：A total of 35 psychiatric nurses in Xi’an were surveyed by Questionnaire method including basic situation questionnaire,social support rating scale,simple coping style questionnaire and traumatic stress disorder self rating scale.SPSS18.0 statistical software was used to analyze the data.Statistical Methods：including statistical description,independent sample t test and Spearman correlation analysis were adopted.Results：The positive rate of post-traumatic stress disorder of psychiatric nurses was 28.67%,the score of post-traumatic stress disorder self rating scale were 44.83 ± 12.55 points.The score from high to low was subjective assessment,recurring experience,social dysfunction,increased vigilance and avoidance symptoms.The total score of post-traumatic stress disorder,recurrent experience,avoidance symptoms,increased vigilance and social dysfunction dimension were positively correlated with negative coping（r=0.630~0.852,P〈0.05）,while were negatively correlated with social support（r=-0.365^-0.635,P〈0.05）.There was no correlation among psychiatric nurses’ age,gender,marital status,qualifications,titles,nursing age and health status.Conclusion：The level of post-traumatic stress disorder in psychiatric nurses was higher.The higher the score of negative coping was,the higher the incidence of traumatic stress disorder was,while the higher the level of social support was,the lower the incidence of traumatic stress disorder was.