基于居住区比较的西宁城市居民日常活动空间研究

Research on Daily Activity Spaces of Residents in Xining City Based on Comparison of Residential Areas

采用2013年西宁市城市居民周日和周一连续两天的活动日志调查数据,利用趋势面和路径缓冲区方法表征和测度西宁市城区单位、郊区单位、城区商品房、郊区商品房、城区混合5类居住区居民的活动空间,并进行比较研究,在行为层面上对西宁城市居民日常活动空间特征及成因进行解读,利用多元线性回归模型分析活动空间的影响因素。结果表明:(1)单位居住区居民形成了职住接近主导的近家工作活动空间,商品房和混合居住区居民形成了较为扩展的工作活动空间;(2)各类型居住区居民工作日非工作活动近家集聚;(3)休息日单位居住区居民活动空间较工作日扩展,郊区商品房居住区居民活动空间较工作日收缩,城区商品房与混合居住区与工作日几无差异;(4)郊区居民活动空间范围显著大于城区居民,居住区距离市中心的距离对西宁城市居民日常活动空间范围具有正向影响;(5)住房属性是影响居民日常活动空间的重要变量,工作日商品房居住区居民活动空间显著大于单位居住区居民,而休息日各类型居住区居民活动空间范围的差异缩小。

Based on activity diary survey conducted in 2013 on Sunday and the sequential Monday of residents in Xining City, this paper illustrates the activity space by cost surface and then limns the buffer area to measure ac-tivity space of residents living in the five types of residential areas including urban work unit, suburban work unit, urban commodity, suburban commodity and urban mixed. The characteristics of activity space are elucidated by comparison of indices of people residing in varied residential areas. In the end, the paper combine the demonstra-tions of varied activity space and regression model to analyse the factors influencing the size of daily activity space. The results can be epitomized as following; （ 1 ） Residents in work unit residential areas tend to acquire shorter commuting distance, while people residing in commodity and mixed residential areas are likely to form more exten-sive working activity space; （2） Non-working activities on weekday agglomerate near home among all types of resi-dential areas; （ 3 ） Activity space on weekend is larger than that of weekday among residents in work unit residen-tial areas, whereas activity space of residents in suburban commodity residential areas shrinks on weekend; （4） The distance from residential area to the city center positively impacts the size of activity space, consistent with the larger activity space of suburban residents; （5） Housing type matters in explaining variance in size of activity space. On weekday, activity spaces of residents residing in commodity housing residential area are dramatically lar-ger than those in work unit residential area, but the disparity decreases on weekend.