韩国佛教中的带妻僧问题与佛教净化运动

On Free-marriage Monks in South Korean Buddhism and Buddhist Cleansing Movement

近代韩国佛教在追求社会化、大众化的过程中向日本学习,输入带妻食肉风俗,带妻僧数量逐渐增多,导致佛教界内部出现带妻僧与比丘僧的对立。这种对立与日帝推行的寺刹令体制紧密相关,因此解放后虽然比丘僧方面仍以佛教大众化为目标,却将占据主导地位的带妻僧视为守旧僧侣,甚至归为亲日佛教的残渣余孽,在李承晚政权支持下开展了佛教净化运动。虽然比丘僧方面通过净化运动掌握了宗权,接管了大部分寺刹,但是也导致佛教内部纠纷升级,最后发生分宗事件,佛教的社会地位也大受影响。

In recent years,during the process of learning Japan for socialization and popularization,South Korea has brought in the free-marriage and free-meat customs,w hich results in the opposition betw een free-marriage monks and general monks. The opposition is closely related to the Temple Ordinance promoted by the Japanese imperialist. After the liberation,under the support of the Syngman Rhee Government,South Korean monks launched Buddhist Cleansing M ovement,taking popularization as their goal. M eanw hile,they treated the dominant free-marriage monks as the conservative ones as w ell as the evil Japanophile from the old society. Although general monks came into pow er and took over temples through the cleansing movement,internal disputes in Buddhism rose gradually,and finally came to the school division,w hich greatly influences the social status of the Buddhism.