从“不朽”到“速朽”:报刊媒介影响下晚清士人书写观念的转型

From “Immortality”to “Fast Decay”: The Transformation of Scholars' Writing Concepts in the Late Qing Dynasty under the Influence of Press Media

报刊出现之前的书籍媒介时代,儒林社会更侧重文章在纵向时间上的传播,士人在媒介使用中形成了"立言不朽"的书写观念。相较于书籍媒介,报刊媒介的一个重要特点是"周期出版",该形式催生了速度化的书写模式。这种写作模式告别了传统字斟句酌而走向时宜性、粗糙化;同时报刊书写处于持续不断的生产、更新之中,书写价值有效性减短,成为一种"速朽"文本。面对书写的转型,晚清士人由"立言"转向"立功",重视文章的公共性以及干预社会、批判社会、引领社会的功能。

Before the appearance of the press,the Confucian scholars in the book media society paid more attention to the spread of articles from the perspective of the longitudinal time. As a result,they developed the concept of ＂expounding their imperishable ideas in w riting＂in the process of using media. Compared to the book media,one of the important features of the new spaper media is＂periodical publishing＂,and the form of periodical publishing expedited the speed of w riting. This kind of w riting abandoned the traditional w riting mode,focusing on details,and became more instant and roughened. M eanw hile,the new spaper w riting fell in the state of constant production and updating,decreased the validity of w riting value,and turned into a ＂sketch＂text. In the face of the transformation of w riting,the scholars in the late Qing Dynasty changed their w riting concept from＂w riting articles＂to＂making contribution＂,paying attention to the public and social intervention,criticizing society and guiding the social function.