小儿输注甘露醇流程的制定与临床应用实践

The process formulation and application effect of mannitol infusion process in pediatric patients

目的制定小儿输注甘露醇流程,观察其临床应用效果。方法选取2016年1月—8月(小儿静脉输注甘露醇流程实施前)收治的病毒性脑膜炎患儿653例设为对照组,选取2016年10月—2017年5月(小儿静脉输注甘露醇流程实施后)收治的病毒性脑膜炎患儿769例设为观察组。对照组实施常规儿科输注药物护理。观察组实施小儿静脉输注甘露醇流程护理。观察2组患儿静脉炎及输液外渗发生情况。结果观察组小儿静脉输注甘露醇静脉炎发生率为14.7%(113/769),低于对照组的30.0%(196/653),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组小儿静脉输注甘露醇输液外渗发生率为0.4%(3/769),低于对照组的4.1%(27/653),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论制定小儿输注甘露醇流程,便于临床护士实际掌握和应用,减少了甘露醇静脉输注的护理风险,减轻了患儿痛苦。

Objective To develop the mannitol infusion process for pediatric and to investigate the clinical effect. Methods Totally 653 pediatric patients with viral meningitis were selected as the control group before implementation of infusion process（ between January,2016 and August,2016）. Another 769 pediatric patients were enrolled in the observation group after implementation of infusion process（ between October,2016 and May,2017）. The regular nursing care on infusion was carried out in the control group,and the targeted nursing intervention on mannitol infusion process was carried out in the observation. The incidence of phlebitis and infusion extravasation were observed and compared between two groups. Results The incidence of phlebitis and infusion extravasation was lower in the observation group than those in the control group（ 14. 7% vs. 30. 0%,0. 4% vs. 4. 1%,P 0. 05）. Conclusions Pediatric mannitol infusion processes may facilitate clinical nurses,reduce the risk in mannitol infusion nursing,and reduced the pain degree of pediatric patients during infusion.