论部落时代艺术在族群身份建构与识别过程中的意义——以百濮为例

The Significance of Art in the Process of Ethnic Identity Construction and Identification in Tribal times: Take Baipu for Example

艺术可以是某一族群用以建构族群身份的方式;他者则可以根据某一族群创造的艺术,对其族群身份进行定性,并贴上标签,使艺术成为族群识别的标志性符号。艺术人类学对此类具有建构和识别族群身份功能的艺术进行研究,就是要从局内人和局外人的双重视角,分析艺术在识别和建构过程中隐含的文化心理及其成因。从异文化自身的角度分析艺术,并建立完整的异文化中艺术的知识谱系,从而避免对他者艺术的忽视、误读和偏见;从特定历史语境中他者的角度,分析其记录、解读异域艺术的方式,可以窥见异域艺术在特定历史文化语境中所处的地位。

Art could be a way to construct ethnic identity by a particular ethnic group; the other could determine the nature of the particular ethnic group and label it according to its art of being created, so the art is iconic symbol to ethnic identification. To study this kind of art that could construct and identify ethnic identity, anthropology of art analyze culture psychology and its genesis imply in the process of ethnic identity construction and identification from the perspective of insiders and outsiders. Analyze art from the perspective of exotic culture and construct the complete spectrum of art knowledge in exotic culture, so to avoid neglect, misunderstanding and prejudice; Analyze the way to record and understand exotic art from the perspective of the other in a particular historical context, the status of art in a particular historical context could be detected.