咸水非充分灌溉下制种玉米水分利用效率研究

Research on Water Use Efficiency of Seed Maize Under Deficit Irrigation with Saline Water

为了制定制种玉米的灌溉制度,在甘肃省石羊河流域开展了咸水非充分灌溉田间试验,通过测定土壤含水量和制种玉米生长指标,研究了咸水非充分灌溉对制种玉米耗水规律、产量、水分利用效率和灌溉水分利用效率的影响。研究结果表明:制种玉米耗水量随着灌水量的减小而减小,随着灌水矿化度的增大而减小,适当降低灌溉水量和灌水矿化度,土壤水分能够得到充分利用;轻度缺水灌溉和微咸水灌溉对作物产量影响较小,与淡水充分灌溉相比,2ETc/3、3 g/L微咸水灌溉的制种玉米减产了10.3%。在研究区制定制种玉米灌溉制度时,灌溉水量采用370 mm左右的非充分灌溉和灌水矿化度采用3 g/L以下的咸水灌溉,制种玉米的产量减产幅度较小,并且能够提高水分利用效率和灌溉水分利用效率。

In order to make irrigation schedule of seed maize, a field experiment was conducted under deficit irrigation with saline water in Shiyang River basin of Gansu Province. The soil water content and seed maize growth indicators were measured for study the effects of deficit irrigation with saline water on water consumption regular, yield, water use efficiency and irrigation water use efficiency. The research results show that water consumption decreases with decrease of irrigation water and with the increase of irrigation water salinity. The soil water con-tent can be utilized by decreasing irrigation water and irrigation water salinity. The effect of mild water irrigation and brackish water irrigation is insignificant on seed maize yield. The seed maize yield of w2s2 treatment is decreased by 10.3% compared with wlsl treatment. Irrigation schedule with irrigation water amount about 370 mm and the irrigation water salinity below 3 g/L is recommended as a result of increasing wa-ter use efficiency and irrigation water use efficiency and the yield decreasing slightly in researching area.