配偶权立法必要性的理论检讨与实践基础

The Theoretical Self-criticism and Practical Base of Necessity for Legislation of Spouse Rights

配偶权作为一项权利是由英、美、法等国家率先规定在法律之中,我国《婚姻法》及相关法律虽然涉及配偶权的一些内容,但是并未对其进行明文规定。在理论界,关于配偶权是否应当明确规定有很大争议,在实务中因为配偶权难以有效保障,出现裁判不一、社会不稳定的问题。配偶权作为身份权的一种,是权利义务一体性的权利,是夫妻关系自然属性的具体体现,应当得到法律的承认和维护。所以在《民法典·婚姻家庭编》中应当明确规定配偶权的概念和范围、具体的构成要件以及相应的保护制度。

Conjugal right was firstly regulated in the laws of UK,the United States and France,while Chinese Marriage Act and relevant laws have not expressly stipulated this kind of right,just including some articles about spouse rights.In theoretical circle,there is a controversy on whether expressly stipulate conjugal right in statute;in practical circle,because conjugal rights can not be effectively guaranteed,some judgments of similar cases are different,which results in social instability.As a right,conjugal right is a organic whole of right and regulation,and it is a concrete reflection of nature quality of conjugal relation,so,it should be legally recognized and safeguarded.Correspondingly,the definition,scope,concrete constitutive requirement and relevant protecting system should be clearly and definitely regulated in the Marriage Family Volume of Civil Code.