个人信息保护法保护客体之辨——兼论个人信息保护法和民法适用上之关系

On the Object of Protection of Personal Information Protection Law:On the Relationship between Personal Information Protection Law and Civil Law

个人信息保护法的保护客体并非个人信息自决权或者人格权。个人信息保护法乃是防止个人信息被滥用的前置性保护规范,它旨在保护知悉个人信息被处理的利益、个人信息正确和完整的利益、个人信息处理须符合特定目的的利益以及隐私利益等四种利益。个人信息保护法的损害赔偿条款在人格权保护上无法适用,在财产利益的保护上优先于侵权法一般条款得以适用。个人信息保护法上的一系列积极请求权和民法上的防御请求权二者目的不同,在适用上虽有竞合之可能,但也并行不悖。

The object of protection of the personal information protection law is not the right of self - determination or the right of personality. The personal information protection law is the pre - protec- tion standard to prevent the abuse of personal information, and it aims to protect four kinds of interests, such as the interest of awareness of personal information being processed, the interest of completeness and correctness of personal information, the interest of maintaining specific purpose by processing of per- sonal information and the privacy interest. The compensation clause of the personal information protec- tion law is not applicable to the protection of the right of personality, and it is applied in the protection of property interests prior to the torts law. A series of positive claims of the personal information protec- tion law have the different purposes with the defense claims of civil law, so both of them can be appealed by rights holders, although sometimes concurrence may happen.