儿童颅内动静脉畸形手术治疗中DSA的作用

Role of digital subtraction angiography in surgical treatment of intracranial arteriovenous malformations in children

目的探讨儿童颅内动静脉畸形(AVM)手术治疗中DSA的安全性及有效性。方法回顾性分析2015年12月至2017年2月于首都医科大学宣武医院神经外科在复合手术室内治疗的9例2~14岁儿童AVM的临床和影像学资料。其中Spetzler-Martin分级Ⅰ级2例,Ⅱ级3例,Ⅲ级2例,Ⅳ级2例。9例患儿均接受外科手术治疗,并于术中使用DSA技术实时辅助切除AVM。分析患儿外科治疗的影像学治愈率及术中造影的并发症。术后对患儿进行1~15个月临床随访,依据改良Rankin量表(mRS)评分,进行预后评价。结果 9例术中造影提示,完整切除8例,有残余病变1例,随后对残余病变进行了完整切除。畸形团切除后即刻造影证实,9例患儿的畸形团均被完全切除。无一例因术中造影引起并发症。术后1例出现命名性失语,6个月后逐渐恢复;2例出现肺部感染,经抗感染治疗后治愈。术后随访mRS评分0~1分8例,2分1例,无一例再出血。结论儿童AVM手术治疗中行DSA,初步观察安全且有效。术中造影能够实时指导对病变的完全切除,提高AVM的外科治愈率,改善患儿的预后。

Objective To investigate the safety and effectiveness of digital subtraction angiography （DSA） in the surgical treatment of intracranial arteriovenous malformations （AVMs） in children.Methods Between December 2015 and February 2017,the clinical and imaging data of 9 children with AVM （2-14 years） underwent hybrid surgery at the Department of Neurosurgery,Xuanwu Hospital,Capital Medical University were analyzed retrospectively.According to the Spetzler-Martin grade,there were 2 patients with grade Ⅰ,3 with grade Ⅱ,2 with grade Ⅲ,and 2 with grade Ⅳ.All the children were treated with microsurgery,and their AVMs were removed by real-time assistance using DSA technique during the operation.The imaging cure rate of surgical treatment and the complications of intraoperative angiography of the children were analyzed.The children were followed up clinically after procedure.According to the modified Rankin scale （mRS） score,their prognoses were evaluated.Results Intraoperative angiography revealed that the AVMs in 8 of 9 children were resected completely,and 1 had a residual lesion,then it was resected completely.Immediately after the resection of the nidi,the angiography confirmed that the nidi of 9 children were resected completely.No related complications caused by intraoperative angiography were observed.Nominal aphasia occurred in 1 child after procedure,and he recovered gradually after 6 months.Pulmonary infection occurred in 2 children,and they were cured after anti-infection treatments.Postoperative follow-up mRS scores were 0-1 in 8 children,2 in 1 child,and no rebleeding was observed.Conclusions In children undergoing AVM surgery,initial observation of DSA is safe and effective.Intraoperative angiography can guide the complete resection of the lesions in real time,improve the surgical cure rate of AVMs,and improve the prognosis of children.