隔代教养家庭幼儿的祖辈依赖及亲子关系研究

Research on Children’s Dependence on Grandparents and Their Parent-child Relationship in Grand-parent Raising Families

本研究采用问卷法和访谈法对隔代教养家庭幼儿的祖辈依赖情况、亲子关系状况及其两者之间的关系进行了调查。结果发现：（1）隔代教养家庭的幼儿对祖辈具有依赖性，且年龄愈小，对祖辈的依赖程度愈强；相对而言，对祖辈行为上的依赖程度高于情感上的依赖；从祖辈依赖对象上看，幼儿对外婆的依赖性最强，对爷爷的依赖性最弱。（2）隔代教养家庭的亲子关系较差，5岁是亲子关系的转折点，表现为亲子关系冲突性增强，亲密性减弱；尤其是在外公外婆隔代教养下的亲子关系更差。（3）隔代教养家庭幼儿的祖辈依赖对其亲子关系具有显著影响，既影响其亲子亲密度，也影响其亲子冲突性。研究者据此提出了相关教育建议。

By methods of questionnaire and interview, this study explored the status of children＇s dependence on grandpar- ents, parent-child relationship in grandparents raising families and the relationship between them. The results show that （1） children in grandparents raising families are more dependent on their grandparents, and the younger the child is the more de- pendent he is; relatively speaking, their behavior dependence is higher than emotional dependence; children depend on their grandmother （mother＇s mother） most but on their grandfather （father＇s father） least; （2） the parent-child relationship in this type of families is poor, and age of 5 is the turning point which show increasing conflict and weakened intimacy; the par- ent-child relationship is even worse in maternal grandparent raising families; （3） children＇s dependence on grandparents in grandparent raising families has a significant influence on parent-child relationship, including intimacy and conflict. Researchers also provide some suggestions.