哲学的世界历史

The World History of Philosophy

黑格尔的历史哲学代表了近代进步"历史主义"的最重要文本。在黑格尔那里,哲学的世界历史是世界历史最内在的核心,因此"哲学的世界历史"即是"历史哲学"。哲学的世界历史理念是历史哲学领域里一种全新的世界观、认识论和方法论,具有很强的纲领性、前瞻性和引领性作用。根据哲学的世界历史理念,黑格尔令人信服地证明了世界历史并不是一部民族史、地域史,而是一部"全球史"、"普遍史"。其历史哲学的功绩在于阐明了作为哲学的世界史观,揭示了历史的主体、动因和结构以及历史发展的连续性和统一性。黑格尔哲学的世界历史观,描写了以世界历史民族为主体的世界史行程的各个阶段,展开了绝对精神自我展开、外化的世界史全体。但是,他这种"一元单线"的世界历史模式不仅与以经验的历史为根据的世界史模式不相符合,也与"一元多线"的经验的世界历史进程背道而驰。黑格尔的历史哲学拒绝预言未来,实质上拒绝了对人类未来美好世界的预期。

Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel’s philosophy of history stands for the most important text of modern progressive historicism.For Hegel,the world history of philosophy is the essential inner core of world history,so"the world history of philosophy"is indeed the"philosophy of history."The world history of philosophy is a brand new worldview,epistemology and methodology in the field of philosophy of history,and it has a strong programmatic,prospective and leading role.According to the idea of the world history of philosophy,Hegel convincingly argues that world history is not a national history or a regional history but a"global history"and a"universal history."His contribution to the philosophy of history is that he clarifies his view of the philosophy of world history and reveals the subjects,motives and frameworks of history as well as the continuity and constancy of the course of history.Hegel’s view of the philosophy of history depicts each stage of the course of the nation-based world history,and let the absolute spirit and the entire externalized world history unfold.However,his unitary and linear model of world history not only does not agree with the model of world history that is based on the experiences of history,but also is contrary to course of world history with unitary but multiline experiences.Hegel’s philosophy of history refused to predict the future,and in fact rejects the forecast of a bright future for the human race.