徐州市高血压患者食盐摄入量与血压控制的现况研究

A cross-sectional study of salt intake and blood pressure control in patients with hypertension in Xuzhou city

目的了解食盐摄入量与高血压患者血压控制达标情况的关系。方法采用多阶段整群随机抽样的方法,使用自行设计的问卷进行调查,对徐州市2 502例≥18岁高血压患者进行问卷调查和体格检查,运用logistic回归分析探索食盐摄入量与血压控制之间的关系。结果高血压患者血压控制达标率33.53%,调查对象平均食盐摄入量(9.81±6.28)g/d,不同文化程度、BMI、女性腰围、冠心病史、糖尿病史、高血压家族史患者高血压控制达标率差异均有统计学意义(P值均<0.05);农村高血压患者食盐摄入量高于城市,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);调整混杂因素前后,食盐摄入量>6g/d调查对象血压未达标风险的OR值及其95%CI分别为2.564(2.147~3.062),2.279(1.882~2.761)。结论控制每日食盐摄入量是高血压患者血压控制的有利因素。

Objective To study the relationship of salt intake and blood pressure control in patients with hypertension in Xuzhou city. Methods A total of 2 502 patients older than 18 years were randomly selected from 2 communities in Xuzhou by multistage randomized cluster sampling method, who were investigated by questionnaires and subjected to physical examina- tion. The relationship between salt intake and blood pressure control status was explored by logistic regression analysis. Re- sults Blood pressure control rate of hypertention patients was 33.53%, the average salt intake was （9.81±6.28） g/d. Statistically significant differences were found among blood pressure control rates of patients with different education background, BM1, female waist circumference, history of coronary heart disease or diabetes , family history of hypertension（all P〈0.05）. The salt intake of rural hypertension patients was higher than urban hypertension participants , with statistically significant difference（P〈0.05）. Before and after potential confounding factors were adjusted, the OR（95%CI） values of blood pressure uncontrolled risk for patients with salt intakeS〉6 g/d were 2. 564（2. 147,3. 062） and 2. 279 （1. 882,2. 761 ）, respectively. Con- clusion Reducing the amount of salt intake per day is a protective factor of hypertension.