非常规形式药室爆破技术实践与相关问题探讨

Discussing on Technology Practice of Unconventional Forms Chamber Blasting and its Related Issues

通过研究露天矿开拓阶段进行药室爆破和近地表大型爆破时地面受保护对象的受损情况,提出大型爆破影响地上设施如露天境界、边坡、道路等重要保护对象安全的主要因素,给出了药室合理布置方式及矿山操作实例;介绍了安全条件复杂情况下的双壁路堑药室爆破方案拟定与安全措施及安全效果判定之爆破实例;对多层药室爆破单位药耗等重要参数的确定方法、井下大型爆破网路和爆破地震计算常规做法提出了改进意见;提出井下深孔和中深孔爆破事先免开切割槽可利用回采炮孔自身形成的观点并给出作者实践矿山实例。

Through studying the damage forms of the ground protected objects during the chamber blasting of the open-pit mine development and the large near-surface blasting,the main factors affecting the safety were put forward to protect the ground facilities,such as the open state,slope,road and some other important protected objects,the reasonable arrangement of chamber and the practice example were given;the double-wall cutting chamber blasting case and its safety measures with the safety effect determination were also introduced at the complex safety environment;some improvement suggestions were given on determining several important parameters about unit gunpowder consumption of multilayer chamber blasting,large underground blasting network and the conventional practice of blasting seismic calculations;the view of using auto-forming free space of stoping hole to aviod cutting slots in advance was put forward in underground blasting of deep hole blasting and medium-length hole blasting,and some practice examples were presented.