土壤条件对不同砧木‘绿宝’苹果幼树生长及生理特性的影响

Effects of Soil Conditions on Growth and Physiological Characters of ‘Bramley seedlings' Apple Saplings

将3种不同砧木的‘绿宝’苹果幼树种植于不同土壤条件下,研究土壤条件对其生长及生理特性的影响。结果表明:‘绿宝’苹果种植在多砾石黏壤土中的新梢生长量、叶面积、叶厚、根系活力、净光合速率最大,在黏壤土中最低;不同砧木的‘绿宝’苹果幼树对3种土壤条件的生长及生理特性响应不一致。综合各指标及隶属函数分析结果认为:‘绿宝’苹果对种植土壤的适应性较强,在多砾石黏壤土中生长更好。以八棱海棠和圆叶海棠为砧木的‘绿宝’苹果更适合在多砾石黏壤土种植、以平顶海棠为砧木的‘绿宝’苹果更适合在沙土中种植。

‘Bramley Seedlings＇ apple saplings grafted on three different rootstocks were planted in three different soils to study the effects of soil conditions on the growth and physiological characters of the saplings.The results showed that the shoot length, leaf area, leaf thickness, root activity and net photosynthetic rate reached their maximum values in clay loam with more gravels, with minimum ones in the soil of clay loam. The saplings with different rootstocks appeared differently in growth and physiological characters under the three soil conditions. Conclusions could be drawn from the indexes quoted above and analysis result of subordinate function that ‘Bramley Seedlings＇ had a strong adaptability to the soil conditions and grew better in the clay loam with more gravels. The saplings with the rootstocks of Mulus robusta and M. prunifolia var. ringo are more appropriate to grow in the clay loam with more gravels and that with the rootstock ofM. Prunifolia grew preferably in the soil of sandy loam.