硬脆材料旋转超声加工技术的研究现状及展望

Research Status and Future Prospects of Rotary Ultrasonic Machining of Hard and Brittle Materials

旋转超声加工是一种复合特种加工技术,它复合了传统超声加工和普通磨削加工的材料去除方式,在提高硬脆材料去除效率、减小切削力、提高加工精度和表面完整性等方面具有显著优势。自旋转超声加工技术发明至今,国内外学者开展了大量的有关旋转超声加工装备及工艺的研究工作,并且已在几乎所有主要的硬脆难加工材料中得到实际应用。本研究在简要概述旋转超声加工技术的基本原理和发展过程基础上,总结国内外学者在材料去除机理、工艺特性、加工新形式以及装备研发等几方面的主要研究成果,并对旋转超声加工技术的发展趋势及值得关注的问题进行展望。

Rotary ultrasonic machining （RUM） is a mechanical type of nontraditional hybrid machining process that combining the material removal regime of both ultrasonic machining and conventional grinding. By utilizing the RUM of hard and brittle materials, superior processing outcomes can be realized, such as improved material removal rate, reduced cutting force, improved machining accuracy and surface integrity. Since the invention of the RUM, a large number of researches on RUM equipment and processing technology have been carried out. And now, it has been widely used in the machining of nearly all leading hard and brittle materials. The basic principles and development process of RUM are briefly summarized. This research works about the material removal mechanism, the processing characteristics, the novel application type, and the development of equipment are presented. Furthermore, the development trends and the noteworthy issues of RUM are prospected.