抗性砧木对赤霞珠葡萄叶片白藜芦醇合成过程及含量的影响

Effect of Resistant Rootstock on the Process and Content of Resveratrol in Cabernet Sauvignon Grape Leaves

为了明确不同抗性砧木对赤霞珠葡萄叶片白藜芦醇含量及其合成过程中前体物质和相关代谢酶活性的影响,分析不同抗性砧木与白藜芦醇合成的关系,以获得提高接穗品种赤霞珠葡萄叶片白藜芦醇含量的抗性砧木。该研究选择弗卡(Fercal)、5C、140R、3309M、3309C、SO4、抗砧3号(Kangzhen3)、5BB为砧木与赤霞珠(CS)葡萄进行嫁接,以赤霞珠自根苗为对照(CK),采用高效液相色谱技术,测定成熟葡萄叶片白藜芦醇以及合成白藜芦醇前体物质苯丙氨酸、肉桂酸、香豆酸含量,并对合成白藜芦醇相关代谢酶苯丙氨酸解氨酶(PAL)、肉桂酸-4-羟化酶(C4H)、4-香豆-辅酶A连接酶(4CL)、过氧化物酶(POD)以及多酚氧化酶(PPO)的活性进行测定。结果表明:(1)不同砧木均能提高接穗赤霞珠葡萄叶片白藜芦醇含量11%~46%。(2)在各砧穗组合中,CS/140R嫁接苗叶片的白藜芦醇含量最高达到18.24μg/g,其合成白藜芦醇前体物质苯丙氨酸和香豆酸含量也最高,分别达到38.61和1.06μg/g。(3)在各砧穗组合中,白藜芦醇相关代谢酶PAL活性以CS/3309C嫁接苗叶片最高;嫁接苗叶片代谢酶C4H和4CL活性均高于赤霞珠自根苗;POD和PPO活性均以CS/Fercal的接穗赤霞珠叶片最强。研究发现,不同抗性砧木能显著提高赤霞珠葡萄叶片白藜芦醇含量,相关代谢酶C4H活性对葡萄白藜芦醇的合成至关重要,PPO活性与葡萄叶片白藜芦醇合成也密切相关,CS/140R是8个砧穗组合中提高赤霞珠葡萄叶片白藜芦醇含量最具优势的砧穗组合。

The objective of this experiment was to compare the concentration of Resveratrol and its precursors and the activity of important metabolic enzymes in Cabernet Sauvignon grape. The relationship was analyzed between the rootstocks and resveratrol synthesis. The results provide a reference for selecting resistant rootstocks with eight different rootstocks suitable for Xinjiang. In this experiment, the eight rootstock cuhivars （Fereal, 5C, 140R, 3309M, 3309C, SO4, Kangzhen3, 5BB） grafted with scions of Caber- net Sauvignon grapes were used as experimental materials. Self-rooted ＇Cabernet Sauvignon＇ plants were used as the control （CK）. The content of trans-resveratrol, trans-pieeid and phenylalanine, cinnamic acid, and coumaric acid were determined by HPLC technique. The activities of the following enzymes in the phenylalanine pathway of resveratrol production were also determined, peroxidase（POD）, polyphenol oxi- dase（PPO）, phenylalanine ammonia lyase （PAL）,cinnamic acid-4-hydroxylase（C4H） and 4-eoumarate co- enzyme A ligase（4CL）. The results showed： （1） resveratrol and piceid concentrations in the Cabernet Sau- vignon leaves were 11% to 46% greater in scions with grafted rootstocks than that of self-rooted one. （2） Leaf resveratrol concentrations were the greatest in scions with 140R as the rootstock（18.24 /~g/g） in the scion combinations of rootstocks. Scions with 140R rootstock had the highest phenylalanine concentration （38.61 μg/g） and coumaric acid concentration （1.06μg/g）. （3） In the scion combinations of rootstocks CS/3309C had the highest PAL activities. Leaf C4H activities and 4CL activities in scion-rootstocks were greater than that in self-rooted. Leaf POD activity and PPO activity in CS/Fercal were the highest. The conclusions were that these resistant rootstocks could signi{ieandy increase the resveratrol concentrations in the leaves of Cabernet Sauvignon grapes. The contents of resveratrol in grapes were significantly associated with the metabolic enzyme C4H and the PPO. CS/140R was the most advantageous combination for increasing resveratrol in Cabernet Sauvignon grape leaves.