基于电磁机械耦合再生制动系统的制动力分配策略

Braking force distribution strategy based on electromagnetic-mechanical coupled regenerative braking system

针对现行电动汽车再生制动的不足,提出一种新型电磁机械耦合再生制动系统(electromagnetic-mechanical coupled regenerative braking system,EMCB),并对其进行动力学分析和耦合机理研究;基于EMCB系统和理想制动力分配曲线提出一种制动力分配策略,构建EMCB系统模型和控制策略仿真系统,应用Car Sim&Simulink联合仿真平台,以有、无滑移率控制的紧急制动工况为例,对制动能回收、制动稳定性和制动舒适性等进行对比研究和验证分析。研究结果表明,所提出的制动力分配策略不仅实现中低制动强度下实际制动力分配曲线与理想I曲线高度吻合,还满足高制动强度下制动效能的需求,即保证了制动稳定性和制动舒适性,又提高了能量回收效率,有效增加了电动汽车的续驶里程,为进一步获得良好的防抱死制动系统(ABS)、电子制动力分配系统(EBD)、电子稳定系统(ESP)等控制性能奠定了基础。

For the deficiency of current electric vehicle regenerative braking, a new design of electromagneticmechanical coupled regenerative braking（EMCB） system was proposed, and the coupled mechanism was analyzed. A braking force distribution strategy was proposed based on EMCB system and curve of ideal braking force distribution, and the dynamic model of EMCB and control strategy were established by Matlab/Simulink. The braking energy recovery, braking stability and braking comfort were studied, contrasted and simulated with the co-simulation platform of Car SimSimulink during normal braking and emergency braking with or without slip control. The results show that the strategy not only can realize practical braking force distribution curve which agrees with I-curve well under low and middle braking strength, but also meet brake efficiency under high braking strength. The braking force distribution strategy ensures braking stability and braking comfort, which can maintain a high recovery efficiency and increase the driving range of electric vehicles effectively. Further, the strategy lays a foundation for obtaining good control performance of antilock brake system（ABS）, electronic brakeforce distribution（EBD） and electronic stability program（ESP）, etc.