一种参数化建筑物三维建模方法

Research on modeling 3D building technology

针对传统的建筑物建模方法需要大量人机交互操作,建模过程复杂和成本高的问题,该文提出一种参数化建筑物三维建模方法。首先,以高分辨率遥感影像和建筑物立面影像作为数据源,在遥感和GIS软件平台的支持下,提取建筑物的底面边界、高度、楼层数、层高和屋顶类型等空间数据和属性数据,并将其保存至GIS空间数据库。其次,提出基于拉伸、拆分、添加结构面过程的建筑物主体结构建模方案,并设计了模型自动生成算法。进一步,采用Ruby面向对象语言,通过调用SketchUp平台的应用程序接口函数,结合编程实现了建筑物的自动化建模。最后,开发了建筑物参数化建模插件。实际建模实验成果表明:该方法能够显著降低建模人员劳动强度,提高建模效率。

Traditional building modeling methods need many manual operations and complex modeling processes with high modeling costs. This paper presented a parametric-based 3D building modeling methods. Firstly, the remote sensing images and section images were combined for extracting bottom boundary vectors, building height, number of floors, floor height, roof type and other spatial and attrib- ute data under the support of RS and GIS software, and the processed data were stored into GIS spatial database. Secondly, a modeling scheme based on the process of stretch, split and add structural surface was proposed for automatically creating the main structures of the building, meanwhile, the automatic modeling algorithms were designed. Further, a object-oriented programming language called Ruby was used for implementing the automatic building modeling by the SketchUp application API functions. Finally, a par- ametric-based 3D building modeling plug-ins was developed and used for modeling test. The results showed that the method of this paper could reduce the labor intensity of technicians and improve the modeling efficiency.