人体核心温度的测量方法研究进展

Review on Human Core Body Temperature Measurement Method

体温是人体四大生命体征之一,成为人们判断人体健康与否的重要依据;保持恒定的体温,是保证新陈代谢和生命活动正常进行的必要条件。所以,人体温度是反映身体健康状况的晴雨表,有效地监测人体体温成为一个重要的话题。临床上所指的体温是指平均核心温度。在人们日常生活中,一般测量的是腋下、口腔和额头的温度,这些温度严格的意义上说的是体表温度,本身与核心温度存在一定的误差,况且又受周围环境、个人着装等多方面因素的干扰,所以并不能准确地代表人体核心体温。而人体核心温度才真正地和人类的新陈代谢更加关系紧密,所以急需一种高效、快捷的方法来实时地监测人体核心温度。针对该问题,分析总结国内外核心温度监测的研究现状,可以分为两大类:一是直接测量温度数据,在忽略一定误差的情况下,近似地以人体某一部位温度来代替人体核心温度;二是间接估算法,利用人体体表温度或者心率等一些生理数据,通过建模计算分析,推算出人体内部的实际温度。分析各方法的精确度,比较各方法的优缺点,并给出相应的结论。最后,预测核心温度监测方法将来的发展趋势。

Temperature is one of the four vital signs of human health. To maintain a constant body temperature is the necessary condition to keep metabolism and normal life activities. The body temperature is a barometer for health. How to monitor the body temperature effectively is becoming an important topic recently. The temperature in clinical refers to the average core temperature. In our daily life, we usually measure the temperature of alar, mouth and forehead. However, the measured temperature is the body surface temperature in a strict way. Influenced by the surrounding environment and personal factors, there is an error between body surface temperature and body core temperature. In order to solve the problem, this paper analyzed the monitoring and research status of core body temperature at home and abroad and divided the methods into two parts. The first part is to measure temperature data directly, replace the core body temperature by the body surface temperature within a certain error range. The second part is to estimate temperature data indirectly, use the body surface temperature or some physiological data such as heart rate to set up a modeling and calculate the actual temperature inside the human body. Then the paper analyzed the accuracy of each method and compared the advantages and disadvantages of each method. At the last, the paper analyzed the development tendency of the core body temperature monitoring method in the future.